{"id":45433,"date":"2022-09-26T08:47:26","date_gmt":"2022-09-26T08:47:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jums.academy\/a-boehle-3\/"},"modified":"2022-10-17T14:40:17","modified_gmt":"2022-10-17T14:40:17","slug":"j-spengler","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/j-spengler\/","title":{"rendered":"J. Spengler"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-overflow:visible;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"accordian fusion-accordian\" style=\"--awb-border-size:1px;--awb-icon-size:13px;--awb-content-font-size:16px;--awb-icon-alignment:left;--awb-hover-color:#f9f9f9;--awb-border-color:#cccccc;--awb-background-color:#ffffff;--awb-divider-color:#e0dede;--awb-divider-hover-color:#e0dede;--awb-icon-color:#000000;--awb-title-color:#333333;--awb-content-color:#333333;--awb-icon-box-color:#333333;--awb-toggle-hover-accent-color:#447c4d;--awb-title-font-family:&quot;Roboto Slab&quot;;--awb-title-font-weight:300;--awb-title-font-style:normal;--awb-title-font-size:16px;--awb-content-font-family:&quot;Roboto Slab&quot;;--awb-content-font-style:normal;--awb-content-font-weight:400;\"><div class=\"panel-group fusion-toggle-icon-unboxed\" id=\"accordion-45433-1\"><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-eb5d3cb4bc7dc74b7 fusion-toggle-no-divider\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#333333;--awb-content-color:#333333;\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_eb5d3cb4bc7dc74b7\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"eb5d3cb4bc7dc74b7\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-parent=\"#accordion-45433-1\" data-target=\"#eb5d3cb4bc7dc74b7\" href=\"#eb5d3cb4bc7dc74b7\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">All published articles sorted by issues<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"eb5d3cb4bc7dc74b7\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_eb5d3cb4bc7dc74b7\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v10i4-3-2\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 11, Issue 1, April 2026<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v10i4\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 10, Issue 4, December 2025<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v10i3\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 10, Issue 3, September 2025<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v10i2\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 10, Issue 2, June 2025<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v10i1\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 10, Issue 1, March 2025<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v9i4\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2024<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v9i3\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 9, Issue 3, September 2024<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v9i2\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 9, Issue 2, June 2024<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v9i1\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2024<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v8i4\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2023<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v8i3\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 8, Issue 3, September 2023<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v8i2\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v8i1\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2023<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v7i5\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 7, Issue 5, December 2022<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v7i4\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 7, Issue 4, September 2022<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v7i3\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 7, Issue 3, July 2022<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v7i2\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 7, Issue 2, June 2022<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v7i1\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2022<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v6i4\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v6i3\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2021<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v6i2\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2021<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v6i1-2\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2021<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v5i4\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 5, Issue 4, December 2020<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v5i3\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2020<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v5i2\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 5, Issue 2, June 2020<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v5i1\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 5, Issue 1, March 2020<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v4i4\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2019<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v4i3\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 4, Issue 3, September 2019<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v4i2\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 4, Issue 2, June 2019<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v4i1\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 4, Issue 1, March 2019<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v3i4\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 3, Issue 4, December 2018<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v3i3\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 3, Issue 3, September 2018<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v3i2\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2018<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v3i1\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 3, Issue 1, March 2018<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v2i3\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 2, Issue 3, December 2017<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v2i2\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 2, Issue 2, September 2017<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v2i1\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 2, Issue 1, June 2017<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v1i2\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 1, Issue 2, December 2016<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/v1i1\/\">Junior Management Science, Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2016<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 sep-underline sep-solid fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-margin-top-small:0px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;--awb-sep-color:#000000;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:18;--minFontSize:18;line-height:1.38;\"><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-background-position:left top;--awb-border-sizes-top:0px;--awb-border-sizes-bottom:0px;--awb-border-sizes-left:0px;--awb-border-sizes-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p data-fontsize=\"18\" data-lineheight=\"24\">Junior Management Science, Volume 7, Issue 4, September 2022, 899-931<\/p>\n<h4 data-fontsize=\"18\" data-lineheight=\"24\">Moderation in Marketing Applications of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM)<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Jonas Spengler, Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg<\/strong><strong> (Master Thesis)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:10px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><p>This thesis investigates how current marketing research deals with simple moderation analysis in marketing applications of partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). In this context, different approaches to generate the interaction term as well as options of data treatment before analysis, among others, pose challenges to researchers. The goal of this thesis is therefore to highlight the most common sources of error through a review of 33 relevant empirical articles from the PLS-SEM context and to derive recommendations for research. Using a framework that shows how to preferably generate the interaction term, it is found that about 70% of the analyzed studies use a suboptimal approach. Furthermore, the product-indicator approach is the most frequently used but only in exceptional cases the optimal approach. Additionally, both the approach used as well as the effect sizes of moderation effects are generally rarely specified and finally uncertainties in the interpretation of effects in moderation analyses can be observed. This confirms the urgency of the need for educating researchers in terms of moderation analysis in the context of PLS-SEM to minimize common mistakes in the future that distort results of moderation analyses or make their meaning incorrect.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><p><em>Keywords: Moderation analysis; interaction effect; moderator; PLS-SEM; Partial least squares structural equation modeling.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><p><em>DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5282\/jums\/v7i4pp899-931\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5282\/jums\/v7i4pp899-931<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div style=\"width: 350px; height: 24px; \">\r\n\r\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-button-wrapper fusion-alignright\"><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-custom fusion-button-default button-1 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type\" style=\"--button_accent_color:#ffffff;--button_accent_hover_color:#ffffff;--button_border_hover_color:#96c346;--button_gradient_top_color:#447c4d;--button_gradient_bottom_color:#447c4d;--button_gradient_top_color_hover:#96c346;--button_gradient_bottom_color_hover:#96c346;\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/MA_Spengler.pdf\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text awb-button__text awb-button__text--default\">Read paper<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-button-wrapper fusion-alignright\"><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-custom fusion-button-default button-2 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type\" style=\"--button_accent_color:#ffffff;--button_accent_hover_color:#ffffff;--button_border_hover_color:#96c346;--button_gradient_top_color:#447c4d;--button_gradient_bottom_color:#447c4d;--button_gradient_top_color_hover:#96c346;--button_gradient_bottom_color_hover:#96c346;\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/jums.academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/A_Spengler.pdf\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text awb-button__text awb-button__text--default\">Read Appendix<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-button-wrapper fusion-alignright\"><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-custom fusion-button-default button-3 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type\" style=\"--button_accent_color:#ffffff;--button_accent_hover_color:#ffffff;--button_border_hover_color:#96c346;--button_gradient_top_color:#447c4d;--button_gradient_bottom_color:#447c4d;--button_gradient_top_color_hover:#96c346;--button_gradient_bottom_color_hover:#96c346;\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5282\/jums\/v7i4pp899-931\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text awb-button__text awb-button__text--default\">Quote<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-background-position:left top;--awb-border-sizes-top:0px;--awb-border-sizes-bottom:0px;--awb-border-sizes-left:0px;--awb-border-sizes-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:20px;--awb-padding-bottom:20px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-5 hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-overflow:visible;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div style=\"width: 350px; height: 120px;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":4894,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-45433","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/P7lBbr-bON","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/45433","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4894"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45433"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/45433\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":47567,"href":"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/45433\/revisions\/47567"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jums.academy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45433"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}